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The downside of setting up a Linux-based home data server

Posted by Steven_Rosenber on · 13 comments
Pain and Glory from the Trenches of the IT World
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Most of us have older PCs that we have little use for. Linux advocates often suggest turning such systems into home data servers. A number of people have written how this can be done, with one recent article suggesting the use of Ubuntu. Now, I’m all for the reuse of old hardware wherever possible. It’s damaging to the environment to improperly dispose of such systems, for instance. In business settings, we can often repurpose older PCs and servers in a number of ways. Older PCs often make excellent firewalls and web proxies. By installing an OS like OpenBSD or NetBSD on such hardware, one can get a secure, affordable and yet powerful system. But I’m not sure this holds true for the home data server suggestions.

Most of us have older PCs that we have little use for. Linux advocates often suggest turning such systems into home data servers. A number of people have written how this can be done, with one recent article suggesting the use of Ubuntu.

Now, I’m all for the reuse of old hardware wherever possible. It’s damaging to the environment to improperly dispose of such systems, for instance. In business settings, we can often repurpose older PCs and servers in a number of ways. Older PCs often make excellent firewalls and web proxies. By installing an OS like OpenBSD or NetBSD on such hardware, one can get a secure, affordable and yet powerful system. But I’m not sure this holds true for the home data server suggestions.

The article I linked to earlier contains these lines which form a good basis for the point I will proceed to make: Your old computer likely has enough memory, and a powerful enough CPU to run Ubuntu, however, if you intend to use this server as a major central file server, it will likely need a new hard-drive. You can deal with that on your own.

The main portion we need to focus on is that part about obtaining a new hard drive. While this may not be necessary, it does begin to highlight some of the problems we will encounter when setting up such a system.

One of the main problems concerns reliability. It is pointless to store data on such a server, only to have an older hard drive fail due to wear and tear. So putting in a new hard drive is almost a necessary task. While storage space is quite cheap these days, a new hard drive may be far too much of an investment to put into an old PC.

Now, the use of an old PC for data transmission, rather than data storage, is more sensible. The hard drive of the system becomes almost inconsequential. The footprint of a usable NetBSD installation can be made very, very small, for example, so space shouldn’t be an issue. Likewise, there’s little loss if the drive does fail due to age. The most that is lost are some configuration files. So that is why such systems often work well as proxies or firewalls; the focus is on passing along data, rather than storing it.

We also have to keep in mind that running a PC consumes electricity. It’s a cost that not everybody thinks about. In some places electricity is quite expensive, and that cost alone could far exceed the benefit derived from having a file server. Furthermore, it will generate heat, which may drive up cooling costs in the summer.

So if you do have an old PC and are in need of some storage space, I think the best thing to do would be to go out and buy an external hard drive. This is especially true if you’d need to buy a new hard drive for the old PC anyways. Such external storage systems are quite portable, and use a small fraction of the power of a full-blown PC. As nearly every modern system supports either or both of FireWire and USB, you’ll be able to use it with nearly any existing PC you own. In the end you’ll get many of the benefits of running another file server, without many of the costs.

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Comments (13)

The host appears to be down.

From the summary it appears that he's basically saying that just because you need to get a new hard disk to turn an old box into a reliable data server, that it is therefore not worth the effort because of of the cost of running the machine. ?? So you should just buy an external hard disk and directly connect it to whichever comp needs the data at the moment? Doesn't that defeat the whole purpose of setting up a data server, which is to give easy, immediate, and simultaneous access to the data to the machines on the lan? As for the argument that buying the hard disk for an old machine may be too much of an investment, the hard disk could be quite easily moved to a newer machine if needed/desired later.

I'm just not following the logic I guess. But then, my lan fileserver is a k6/2-450 with an 80GB data drive on a Promise controller. (really do need to add another data drive to that one of these days)
??? strange article with no point that I could find.
The site's back today
If you want real scrounged-machine server, just dig up a bunch of old hard drives and turn 'em into a single spanned volume...

Okay, sure, not the most reliable way to do it, but it's cheap...
If I read it correctly, the authors point is that the hard drives of old PC's are usually too unreliable to run as a fileserver for another couple of years. He advocates using old PC's only to move data, not to store data with.
That's the impression I got. That along with saying that the power used by the old machine makes it not worth putting a new disk in since you can just carry around a usb/firewire one instead...
So old harddrives are unreliable, replace them with a new one(s). I replaced the old 40 Gig hard drives in my old P3 500 box with a 120 Gig and a 200 Gig, the things been running like that for nearly 2 years (before that I had 3 40 Gig drives), and I've only taken it down once in that time to upgrade from Mandriva 2005 to 2007. I think it was down for 5 minutes 6 or 7 months ago due to a power outage in this area. It seems pretty cost effective to me.
tracyanne: True. But the point that the author is trying to make: For a few bucks more you buy the same size drive as an external USB drive.

I don't agree with the author actually. A fileserver allows you to serve to multiple PC's and keep stuff centralized. An USB drive does not. NAS devices could do that, but they are significantly more expensive than an USB hard drive -- thus invalidating the author's point.
You wouldn't leave your company's data on a 7-plus year old hard drive and you don't want your treasured photos there either. Buy new drives, back up your data, and store at least one of the backups outside your house. BTW, anyone want a dozen Pentium 100 towers?

Dave
> You wouldn't leave your company's data on a 7-plus year old hard drive...

I'm pretty sure we've had at least some drives that old in our various Novell servers. The upgrades required to move from Novell to Active Directory have pretty much eliminated those servers though. I believe the last Novell server was shutdown about 2 months ago.
> A fileserver allows you to serve to multiple PC's and keep stuff centralized.

And if you're reusing an old machine with Linux, you might as well put two drives in it and run software raid. That way you have a backup in case one of the drives dies.
On second reading it makes more sense. Hard drives, fans, and power supplies are the weak points in old systems. A USB drive makes good sense as a backup drive for smaller networks- you can do network backups, and it's only running when you need it. If you want a fileserver that runs all the time, an old PC with a couple of new RAID-ed SATA drives works well and doesn't cost much.
> BTW, anyone want a dozen Pentium 100 towers?

I bet Helios (from http://www.lobby4linux.com) can use them.

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